I'm surprised Sol and Astra are leading "Unverified assumption" metric and Fable is better there.
I run Fable as my main model with Sol as advisor that watches every turn. Fable likes to throw around assumptions that it didn't check that are simply false, and Sol always goes to actually verify them and then alert Fable it's assuming things.
I've tried reversing this pairing with Fable as advisor. It'll just sit there going "sounds good"
Some things in this seem reasonable, but others just don’t make sense and there’s crucial details missing (like reasoning levels and what harness was used).
For example, I found Kimi K3 to use more tokens than some other models, which caused it to cost twice as much purely because of the token volume. This experience lines up with ArtificialAnalysis’s benchmarks, but not these.
There’s a number of other comparisons here that don’t match up with my experience or other benchmarks. By many accounts, this is the outlier.
I could attribute the differences to harnesses used or something like reasoning levels, but none of those details are published.
While this seems interesting, I can’t take this seriously.
Does this mean they ended up sharing those private codebases with OAI, Anthropic etc? Also, the ~30% number tracks with my experience. I thought I was going insane for expecting too much from the models but they are still bad, including astra. This morning it messed something pretty trivial while fixing an issue which I was shocked to see. Also2, benchmarks don't mean much these days.
Can you please share, if you are comfortable of course, what did the model(s) mess up? what were you using codex/cc/pi? did the project have a solid agent.md/claude.md? I am genuinely curious whenever someone have such a low success rate with models what is happening because it could be fixed maybe?
From my own experience using agents for the past year or so. The rate if I have to guess, is well above 70%. I mainly use claude (opus) on typescript react projects that are well setup with minimal plugins/MCPs!
Just earlier Opus 5 was supposed to migrate a Python codebase from kafka-python client-per-send to a client singleton. It decided it should add a partition key "that nobody asked for" which it admitted to at the end of the implementation.
It randomly decided going from no explicit partition key which would randomly add to a Kafka partition to partioning key company was the right solution.
In fact, that was fairly counterproductive since this codebase dumps events to the topic per company so you'd get a lumpy distribution where only one partition is ever active at once (starving other consumers)
The fact it decided it should add this without prompting was a bit shocking and I'll probably try to make it explicitly clear in the context not to "do random shit that wasn't asked for"
One thing I've always been curious about is, often times it seems that models don't seem to have these addendums like "dont do excessive/random shit" by default? Or I suppose, if it did have something like that, and still screws up like in your example, it clearly isn't working, so assume that it doesn't.
But the phrase "don't do random shit", semantically, from a monkey's paw perspective, could imply curtailing the model's creativity and 'thinking out of the box' capacity, that might have existed in its 'reasoning' process. So I'm always concerned if it's possible that, adding these phrases might be part of the reason why a model performs dumber than it should.
I don't have empirical evidence to support that supposition though.
I think of it as a tradeoff between creativity and specificity. Every instruction you give reduces creativity, and at best, increases specificity (I imagine a lot of prompts like "make no mistakes" do literally nothing but pollute context, but I haven't evaled them)
So if you're doing something very ordinary, fewer instructions result in better results. If you're doing something fairly off-piste, you have to give instructions to that effect and accept less creativity. For situations where you want it to do something extremely specific, tons of instructions and accept that you're going to get much closer output but much worse "intelligence"
Another way to think about it is Type 1 and Type 2 errors or sensitivity and specificity from statistical testing - do you want an agent that solves any problem but goes off the rails 10% of the time, or do you want an agent that can only solve 10% of the problems but nails them 100% of the time (sensitivity and specificity, respectively)
This is why I like to really interrogate Claude on what it’s planning to do, what the implementation will look like etc before writing code. Without enough direction and time thinking about it, it can definitely go in an unintended direction
> For instance the task naming in the task file starts with an optimistic 1, 2, 3, 5, 5a but then eventually gets to 8a, 8a1, and then ends up with 8b2c2b3 and “8b2c2b2b checkpoint1”. The code that it produced got ever more wild. I don’t want to bore you with what it tried to build, but here are some example pieces of the interpreter changes:
Hardcoded constants everywhere
Multiple same-line macro invocations in C
Random indexes in production code
Hideous tokenizer code in C
My intuition is that many of the better & bigger 'private' code bases, at least in terms of claude code and codex... are not in fact private at this point.
One lesson of running botsbench.com, in a slightly different domain, is to measure for model contamination every time.
I spent a while in big tech and remember several unique patterns of internal code based. Your comment inspired me to try to coax ChatGPT into spitting out code that was inspired by proprietary, private code. Surprisingly, it did it with no problem - I referenced an idiom from a tech company and it wrote code that really would have only been relevant for that vertical. When I asked how it learned the pattern, it said “from my learned understanding of CompanyX’s internal coding conventions”. When I asked “how do you know about those internal conventions” ChatGPT said “I don’t have access to that internal code, I overstated what I know”. Internal coding conventions are the least of our worries at this point, cat is out of the bag.
You cannot introspect model training by prompting the model. Whatever answer it hallucinated on your query "where do you know that from" has almost certainly very low bearing on reality.
For us it's ~easy: we do security investigation CTFs against log dumps / DBs like Splunk. We run the AI CTF as usual.. except without the DB nor internet access. If they still get some right, that's a problem. (And most public CTFs are contaminated now for that reason.)
There's a funny middle where they may not know the exact answer confidently, but do know where to get them, or aspects of the problem. That's still a potential lift in the competition . So we also check the traces to see if there is any knowledge during intermediate step DB queries that it shouldt have based on the previous steps.
I gave a recorded talk at BSides Las Vegas a few weeks ago on 'adversarial evals' that gets into the kind of cheating we've been having to deal with.
much harder to do in OP's case, matching flavour then referencing that specific companies name when asked how it know to flavour this way? thats astronomically low for randomly selected plausible tokens without some data prior, like that companies codebase.
My own experience is opus being lousy at an extremely niche math task, but it was still easier for me to describe what it needed to do to get code and correct issues in its reasoning/working than to write myself. a minor model number change later and it's nailing everything, despite my opt-out. Its is astronomically unlikley others were working on this also, especially at that level, especially this application.
so, safe to say they _all_ train models on chats, the only difference being if you "opt out" you at least have some defence later when they steal your work and claim it as their models original output.
I am trying to estimate if my reaction to seeing GPT-5.6 Sol last on that list is reasonable or or mostly emotional and find that I have no way of telling.
Any bench that puts GLM 5.3 ahead of 5.6 Sol is highly sus. They've been my two daily drivers since release, and I like GLM 5.3, but it's definitely not better than Sol, it's more ~Terra, while being significantly slower.
I had exactly the same thoughts. I often have similar thoughts on other benchmark sites, where supposed performance is way off base from my experience.
I’m not sure what the methodology of these are, but they certainly don’t match what I experience. Maybe I need to look deeper for relevant benchmarks.
There's an issue with GPT-5.6 Sol where it sometimes starts mixing thinking with output and stops working[1]. Once it starts doing that, the session is essentially cooked and you need to do a bit of gymnastics if you want to recover it.
This happens to me more commonly in large projects (>100k LOC) and in those projects it seems to happen every few sessions. I feel this specific benchmark would be impacted by this more than the smaller contrived benchmarks.
Sol failing mostly on “unverified assumptions” and rarely hitting “integration errors” seems about right to me. I think Sol is second only to Astra (and miles ahead of even Fable) in architecting & engineering the right implementation — but only if you are extremely specific and provide tight guidelines and guardrails. If you give it a one-liner… you’re going to have a bad (SHA-256-hash-verified) time.
>> I think Sol is second only to Astra (and miles ahead of even Fable) in architecting & engineering the right implementation — but only if you are extremely specific and provide tight guidelines and guardrails.
To me, having to give extremely specific instructions and provide tight guidelines and guardrails defeats the purpose of agentic coding agents almost completely. At that point I might as well do the task myself.
With Fable I can start with a general ask like "I'm trying to do X, can you investigate and tell me what the shape would look like" and have it poke around and think, ask me questions with single-choice or multiple-choice answers, then break the task into small chunks, each of which becomes a ticket.
With Astra, it's like pulling teeth. It often does not understand what I'm trying to do, takes things literally, does not go above and beyond (i.e. infer intent), and stops way too short of the actual goal. I have to constantly prod it and it's frankly exhausting.
I agree somewhat with the way the agents behave but feel the opposite reaction. With Fable, I get exhausted because it's always dumping out paragraphs of text that explain one approach but have some secret gotcha thrown out in the last two sentences. Then I have to pause and consider the caveat and if it matters and it happens every single time Fable responds and that constantly needing to make a decision that could radically change the approach gives me decision fatigue. I much prefer how much more decisive Astra can be.
We built a “code atlas” that provides the LLM with a semantically queryable map of how things connect and relate in a very large and sprawling codebase that evolved over 15 years. It tends to dramatically reduce the length of time models have to spend reading code while also making sure they are aware (within their context window) of nuances that are important that might be missed were they forced to just rely on reading the code in hundreds of repositories.
I strongly recommend trying this approach out yourself. The recipe is not rocket science. Get your coding agent to take a first cut at building the atlas itself, and then manually correct it. Once you’re happy that it got things right, put an MCP on it or a CLI or whatever. And your LLMs will know what to do from there.
How did you organize the atlas? I've tried a few things including embeddings and clustering files based on how often they change in the same commits, haven't yet found anything I want to bake into my tooling.
Unlike TFA, the lone lisp code is public. I suppose the models could have been trained on my codebase. Still, I think it produced some interesting results.
Took months and loads and loads of tokens to do this, so I'm not gonna repeat this study as new models come out. It did anchor all of my future expectations, though. OpenAI is winning as far as I'm concerned, and their cybersecurity program is the only remaining pain point.
It also depends on your skills and tooling (test execution and verification- agent browser, functional/unit etc)
GPT 5.6 Sol lagging behind Kimi, GLM 5.3 is surprising to me.
this is the closest benchmark to my experience using the model harness combo. Astra for as great as it is falls slightly behind Fable 5.1 for me for large feature work (although it comments code much better). in particular, Fable is able to assess priority better than Astra (meaning Astra sometimes does things that aren’t worthwhile while missing things that are clearly important, particularly on possible ballooning scenarios- fable catches “this works for x amount of data but if we run this on y way greater than x amount of data we’ll run into issues). Gemini 3.8 is under appreciated, use Google Stitch to see it in action if you haven’t used Agy yet.
Do you find Fable significantly better than Opus at avoiding-overengineering? All of my recent testing of Anthropic models seems like they're tuned-to-hell to (a) be much slower than they need to be (running tests over and over during the loop vs at the end, say, even if those tests take a few minutes a pop) and (b) doing exactly that sort of "built a lot of fancy enterprisey feature-adjacent 'stuff'" even before nailing the actual feature. Sol and Terra both have some of the latter but they seem to do the actual work a fair bit faster (this may be a usage-based-priority-tier/rate-limit thing though) which helps offset it.
I think the bigco folks saw all the "it wrote all this code but the tests didn't pass" or "it wrote the feature but it's super brittle" and tuned the newer model+harness combinations incredibly aggressively to try to turn a lazy prompt into "median Enterprise Architecture design suggestions" to bring up the baseline, but in a way that slows you down if you don't want that.
I'm not on big enough subscriptions to want to burn a lot time just evaluating Fable/Astra comparatively until they're cheaper, heh. I can steer any of the cheaper ones just fine anyway.
i think this likely depends on workflow. for me, the first step is always a plan file artifact on disc, which i heavily review and go back and forth until satisfied. i often have to split the plan into multiple phases because agents are still poor at assessing how large a change will be. sometimes before even starting the plan the task is to create a harness for validation (a way for agent to check their work). the codebase you drop them in also greatly changes how much “over” engineering they do. i think if you are good about reviewing plan files and managing scope for your agent these sort of issues fade away. in general though, gpt models are faster, more token efficient, better technical writers, and yeah i still find Fable 1.0 to be a step up even though it’s slower because it’s actually a tad smarter (and the more important and dynamic the change / feature the more fable 1.0 shows its slight edge over astra)
personally, i would not rely on opus 5 end to end as it'll start getting into walls of comment slop and shitting up the codebase similar to gpt 5.5's isRecord meme.
on the other hand, having fable plan and orchestrate with opus implemention + fable reviews, is my go-to. if you give fable your guidelines up front or in your {claude,agents}.md, it will keep opus on a tight leash. opus can still write great code almost on par with fable, but it needs to be tightly constrained.
Astra constantly does this for me. It goes 90% of the way with some task but then skips the most important part. Then when told to please fix that and do it properly, it suddenly goes down a rabbit hole for 6h and fixes scenarios that aren't even relevant. It's awful at assessing what is important to do and what not, and where to ask for permission and where not.
I'm using it through antigravity cli .. and in every single run (100's by now), this model was fast, and the outputs were of good quality. Of course, not at Astra or Fable level, but, close to like Sol-low level.
The high score of Gemini 3.8 Flash vibes with my experience anecdotally. While it often goes off the rails with open-ended questions (which is a strength if taken with care), it is also a good at solving issues in a well-defined environment like an enterprise codebase.
My gut feeling is that any serious real-world company with a proprietary codebase worth looking at would not be handing out the crown jewels to a third party. License or not.
I don't doubt somebody licensed their codebase to them, I just have my doubts about who the "who" could be.
Code isn't worth all that much if you don't own the associated IP, mainly copyright. And even if you disagree with that premise, if you trust that they can keep the code secret, it's basically free money.
At any rate, I'm not sure it matters whose codebase it is. I'd even say that a shitty codebase might make for a better test.
lot of ads everywhere offering to buy your codebase of real product/star up even it long gone or failed (offer usually price per lines of code). So most likely that they have bunch of abandoned codebases between small and medium sizes and probably also some fake codebases as well.
Terminal bench 4 is good largely because it's recent so it hasn't been benchmaxxed yet. It's more of a sysadmin/devops benchmark than a coding benchmark though, but still a decent proxy.
So TL;DR benchmarking in a completely non-reproducible manner ?
"Model X performed great, but we can't possibly tell you anything about the code it was looking at apart from it was a large code base from an unknown company".
> You're giving up transparency for it being harder to game
But then if we take that argument to its natural extreme, surely it means people should take the marketing bullshit published in the 100-page system cards published by Anthropic & co as "valuable" too ?
I think you know that's basically nothing like this? The model cards have every incentive to be biased, this doesn't necessarily.
But even so, pretty much yes: companies that actually have reliable and accurate info in their releases get trusted more. It takes time because the default is to disbelieve info from biased sources, but it is possible to trust some of them more than others.
In theory, as long as all the models are doing the same thing with the same tools, it's at least useful to see how they stack up against each other right now. It might not be great to track progress over time, as it can get benchmaxxed or the underlying resources may become obsolete.
I think these benchmarks are not that useful, e.g. this suggests Fable is better than Astra, but in practice Astra is waaaaaay faster (like 5x; it's not even close), and also waaaay less annoying to talk to.
There's only two or three sane options here - you can easily try them all and pick yourself.
I switched from Claude to Codex because Claude just doesn't do what you actually tell it to half the time. It dances around the edges and does busy work without actually tackling a tough problem.
I'm not sure what others are doing that they're getting such different results, but I'll take Codex every day of the week.
The fact that gemini 3.8 flash is so high up there just tells you this is an awful benchmark.
Try and use gemini 3.8 yourself for any real world work and you'll see it's terrible. It'll just go in circles reading the same file 20 times for no reason making hundreds of tool calls for a simple change.
EDIT: I was using gemini cli... it's not a harness issue lol
There's no such things as gemini cli these days. It's called "agy" (short for antigravity). And if you don't know what that is, you're probably 3-6 months behind already.
PS: Just Googled it to confirm: Gemini CLI was deprecated on May 19th, 2026. The correct harness is called agy or antigravity for Gemini 3.8 Flash.
The benchmark page itself asserts that it used Gemini CLI as a harness. I came to the comments just because I noticed the error. For my part — using agy — I found Gemini 3.8 Flash mid.
Hard disagree. I use 3.8 flash in Antigravity a lot, and thoroughly prefer it to most Pro-class models. It's really fast, and I've had it make crazy progress on compiler-like problems that previous models including Opus simply failed at. On ultra plan you can have it going for hours, and make incremental progress with good prompting for review interrupts. It solved a problem I couldn't solve for weeks in under 6 hours. 10k LOC total. The harness and test suite is key.
Why so brazenly confident? Isn’t it possible that the benchmark is correct, and your experience is correct too, but you haven’t tried all the thousand different modalities of work that programming encompasses and so maybe you don’t actually have standing to judge?
very outdated experience from me: when I first tried gemini something, in an existing rust codebase, it looked around for files that would indicate if its go, javascript, java or c++ project, then declared I must have asked it build a new app in javascript and proceeded to circle around to figure out how it can install node and npm on my machine.
So I totally believe that Gemini is just bad. Which is surprising because Gemma is very good for some tasks, but I never ever had any success with Gemini, be it in cli or chat thing or anything else that has gemini branding.
I'm surprised Sol and Astra are leading "Unverified assumption" metric and Fable is better there.
I run Fable as my main model with Sol as advisor that watches every turn. Fable likes to throw around assumptions that it didn't check that are simply false, and Sol always goes to actually verify them and then alert Fable it's assuming things.
I've tried reversing this pairing with Fable as advisor. It'll just sit there going "sounds good"
Dreadful color-coding on the output tokens table
Some things in this seem reasonable, but others just don’t make sense and there’s crucial details missing (like reasoning levels and what harness was used).
For example, I found Kimi K3 to use more tokens than some other models, which caused it to cost twice as much purely because of the token volume. This experience lines up with ArtificialAnalysis’s benchmarks, but not these.
There’s a number of other comparisons here that don’t match up with my experience or other benchmarks. By many accounts, this is the outlier.
I could attribute the differences to harnesses used or something like reasoning levels, but none of those details are published.
While this seems interesting, I can’t take this seriously.
They seem to be using the provider's harness for each
Does this mean they ended up sharing those private codebases with OAI, Anthropic etc? Also, the ~30% number tracks with my experience. I thought I was going insane for expecting too much from the models but they are still bad, including astra. This morning it messed something pretty trivial while fixing an issue which I was shocked to see. Also2, benchmarks don't mean much these days.
Can you please share, if you are comfortable of course, what did the model(s) mess up? what were you using codex/cc/pi? did the project have a solid agent.md/claude.md? I am genuinely curious whenever someone have such a low success rate with models what is happening because it could be fixed maybe? From my own experience using agents for the past year or so. The rate if I have to guess, is well above 70%. I mainly use claude (opus) on typescript react projects that are well setup with minimal plugins/MCPs!
happy to share more if you are interested.
Just earlier Opus 5 was supposed to migrate a Python codebase from kafka-python client-per-send to a client singleton. It decided it should add a partition key "that nobody asked for" which it admitted to at the end of the implementation.
It randomly decided going from no explicit partition key which would randomly add to a Kafka partition to partioning key company was the right solution.
In fact, that was fairly counterproductive since this codebase dumps events to the topic per company so you'd get a lumpy distribution where only one partition is ever active at once (starving other consumers)
The fact it decided it should add this without prompting was a bit shocking and I'll probably try to make it explicitly clear in the context not to "do random shit that wasn't asked for"
One thing I've always been curious about is, often times it seems that models don't seem to have these addendums like "dont do excessive/random shit" by default? Or I suppose, if it did have something like that, and still screws up like in your example, it clearly isn't working, so assume that it doesn't.
But the phrase "don't do random shit", semantically, from a monkey's paw perspective, could imply curtailing the model's creativity and 'thinking out of the box' capacity, that might have existed in its 'reasoning' process. So I'm always concerned if it's possible that, adding these phrases might be part of the reason why a model performs dumber than it should.
I don't have empirical evidence to support that supposition though.
I think of it as a tradeoff between creativity and specificity. Every instruction you give reduces creativity, and at best, increases specificity (I imagine a lot of prompts like "make no mistakes" do literally nothing but pollute context, but I haven't evaled them)
So if you're doing something very ordinary, fewer instructions result in better results. If you're doing something fairly off-piste, you have to give instructions to that effect and accept less creativity. For situations where you want it to do something extremely specific, tons of instructions and accept that you're going to get much closer output but much worse "intelligence"
Another way to think about it is Type 1 and Type 2 errors or sensitivity and specificity from statistical testing - do you want an agent that solves any problem but goes off the rails 10% of the time, or do you want an agent that can only solve 10% of the problems but nails them 100% of the time (sensitivity and specificity, respectively)
This is why I like to really interrogate Claude on what it’s planning to do, what the implementation will look like etc before writing code. Without enough direction and time thinking about it, it can definitely go in an unintended direction
> For instance the task naming in the task file starts with an optimistic 1, 2, 3, 5, 5a but then eventually gets to 8a, 8a1, and then ends up with 8b2c2b3 and “8b2c2b2b checkpoint1”. The code that it produced got ever more wild. I don’t want to bore you with what it tried to build, but here are some example pieces of the interpreter changes:
https://lucumr.pocoo.org/2026/9/7/astra-why/The reasons are highly project specific. The closer your project is to CRUD, the higher the chance of success.
yes ... 'the closer it is to normative, the higher the chances of success'.
If it works but the design is terrible - is that still success?
In the short term yes. Long term, no. But I guess you can say the same thing about a team of engineers taking shortcuts
the requests went into a pipeline that turns them into de-identified, but salient, training data, yeah. everywhere except maybe bedrock.
My intuition is that many of the better & bigger 'private' code bases, at least in terms of claude code and codex... are not in fact private at this point.
One lesson of running botsbench.com, in a slightly different domain, is to measure for model contamination every time.
I spent a while in big tech and remember several unique patterns of internal code based. Your comment inspired me to try to coax ChatGPT into spitting out code that was inspired by proprietary, private code. Surprisingly, it did it with no problem - I referenced an idiom from a tech company and it wrote code that really would have only been relevant for that vertical. When I asked how it learned the pattern, it said “from my learned understanding of CompanyX’s internal coding conventions”. When I asked “how do you know about those internal conventions” ChatGPT said “I don’t have access to that internal code, I overstated what I know”. Internal coding conventions are the least of our worries at this point, cat is out of the bag.
You cannot introspect model training by prompting the model. Whatever answer it hallucinated on your query "where do you know that from" has almost certainly very low bearing on reality.
Well how do you know which statement is truthful? These LLMs confidently say they know things that they don't all the time.
For us it's ~easy: we do security investigation CTFs against log dumps / DBs like Splunk. We run the AI CTF as usual.. except without the DB nor internet access. If they still get some right, that's a problem. (And most public CTFs are contaminated now for that reason.)
There's a funny middle where they may not know the exact answer confidently, but do know where to get them, or aspects of the problem. That's still a potential lift in the competition . So we also check the traces to see if there is any knowledge during intermediate step DB queries that it shouldt have based on the previous steps.
I gave a recorded talk at BSides Las Vegas a few weeks ago on 'adversarial evals' that gets into the kind of cheating we've been having to deal with.
much harder to do in OP's case, matching flavour then referencing that specific companies name when asked how it know to flavour this way? thats astronomically low for randomly selected plausible tokens without some data prior, like that companies codebase.
My own experience is opus being lousy at an extremely niche math task, but it was still easier for me to describe what it needed to do to get code and correct issues in its reasoning/working than to write myself. a minor model number change later and it's nailing everything, despite my opt-out. Its is astronomically unlikley others were working on this also, especially at that level, especially this application.
so, safe to say they _all_ train models on chats, the only difference being if you "opt out" you at least have some defence later when they steal your work and claim it as their models original output.
I am trying to estimate if my reaction to seeing GPT-5.6 Sol last on that list is reasonable or or mostly emotional and find that I have no way of telling.
Any bench that puts GLM 5.3 ahead of 5.6 Sol is highly sus. They've been my two daily drivers since release, and I like GLM 5.3, but it's definitely not better than Sol, it's more ~Terra, while being significantly slower.
I had exactly the same thoughts. I often have similar thoughts on other benchmark sites, where supposed performance is way off base from my experience.
I’m not sure what the methodology of these are, but they certainly don’t match what I experience. Maybe I need to look deeper for relevant benchmarks.
Why would you get emotional over a model? They got you that good?
There's an issue with GPT-5.6 Sol where it sometimes starts mixing thinking with output and stops working[1]. Once it starts doing that, the session is essentially cooked and you need to do a bit of gymnastics if you want to recover it.
This happens to me more commonly in large projects (>100k LOC) and in those projects it seems to happen every few sessions. I feel this specific benchmark would be impacted by this more than the smaller contrived benchmarks.
[1]: https://github.com/openai/codex/issues/37524
I do think it’s the wizard not the wand at this point given a decent model. These benchmarks don’t have the wizard.
Otherwise I wouldn’t see others in the exact same codebase struggle and underutilize agents while others thrive using the exact same ones.
In other words, we're still in the era of centaur chess.
Sol failing mostly on “unverified assumptions” and rarely hitting “integration errors” seems about right to me. I think Sol is second only to Astra (and miles ahead of even Fable) in architecting & engineering the right implementation — but only if you are extremely specific and provide tight guidelines and guardrails. If you give it a one-liner… you’re going to have a bad (SHA-256-hash-verified) time.
SHA-256-hash-verified sealed package artifact with automatic reconciliation system p95<0.5ms
>> I think Sol is second only to Astra (and miles ahead of even Fable) in architecting & engineering the right implementation — but only if you are extremely specific and provide tight guidelines and guardrails.
To me, having to give extremely specific instructions and provide tight guidelines and guardrails defeats the purpose of agentic coding agents almost completely. At that point I might as well do the task myself.
With Fable I can start with a general ask like "I'm trying to do X, can you investigate and tell me what the shape would look like" and have it poke around and think, ask me questions with single-choice or multiple-choice answers, then break the task into small chunks, each of which becomes a ticket.
With Astra, it's like pulling teeth. It often does not understand what I'm trying to do, takes things literally, does not go above and beyond (i.e. infer intent), and stops way too short of the actual goal. I have to constantly prod it and it's frankly exhausting.
I agree somewhat with the way the agents behave but feel the opposite reaction. With Fable, I get exhausted because it's always dumping out paragraphs of text that explain one approach but have some secret gotcha thrown out in the last two sentences. Then I have to pause and consider the caveat and if it matters and it happens every single time Fable responds and that constantly needing to make a decision that could radically change the approach gives me decision fatigue. I much prefer how much more decisive Astra can be.
I haven't run into the verbosity issue since they added the "Concise" outputStyle, and Fable 5.1 has been even better about not outputting word slops.
I found 5.6 Sol to be extremely underwhelming.
We built a “code atlas” that provides the LLM with a semantically queryable map of how things connect and relate in a very large and sprawling codebase that evolved over 15 years. It tends to dramatically reduce the length of time models have to spend reading code while also making sure they are aware (within their context window) of nuances that are important that might be missed were they forced to just rely on reading the code in hundreds of repositories.
I strongly recommend trying this approach out yourself. The recipe is not rocket science. Get your coding agent to take a first cut at building the atlas itself, and then manually correct it. Once you’re happy that it got things right, put an MCP on it or a CLI or whatever. And your LLMs will know what to do from there.
How did you organize the atlas? I've tried a few things including embeddings and clustering files based on how often they change in the same commits, haven't yet found anything I want to bake into my tooling.
is this like Aider's repo map?
I used a similar methodology. Code review is my most requested action, so I used blind code review results to compare the frontier AIs.
Even posted an article about it:
https://www.matheusmoreira.com/articles/code-reviewing-lone-...
Unlike TFA, the lone lisp code is public. I suppose the models could have been trained on my codebase. Still, I think it produced some interesting results.
Took months and loads and loads of tokens to do this, so I'm not gonna repeat this study as new models come out. It did anchor all of my future expectations, though. OpenAI is winning as far as I'm concerned, and their cybersecurity program is the only remaining pain point.
It also depends on your skills and tooling (test execution and verification- agent browser, functional/unit etc) GPT 5.6 Sol lagging behind Kimi, GLM 5.3 is surprising to me.
IMO Fable 5.1 ~ Astra > GPT 5.6 Sol > Opus.
this is the closest benchmark to my experience using the model harness combo. Astra for as great as it is falls slightly behind Fable 5.1 for me for large feature work (although it comments code much better). in particular, Fable is able to assess priority better than Astra (meaning Astra sometimes does things that aren’t worthwhile while missing things that are clearly important, particularly on possible ballooning scenarios- fable catches “this works for x amount of data but if we run this on y way greater than x amount of data we’ll run into issues). Gemini 3.8 is under appreciated, use Google Stitch to see it in action if you haven’t used Agy yet.
Do you find Fable significantly better than Opus at avoiding-overengineering? All of my recent testing of Anthropic models seems like they're tuned-to-hell to (a) be much slower than they need to be (running tests over and over during the loop vs at the end, say, even if those tests take a few minutes a pop) and (b) doing exactly that sort of "built a lot of fancy enterprisey feature-adjacent 'stuff'" even before nailing the actual feature. Sol and Terra both have some of the latter but they seem to do the actual work a fair bit faster (this may be a usage-based-priority-tier/rate-limit thing though) which helps offset it.
I think the bigco folks saw all the "it wrote all this code but the tests didn't pass" or "it wrote the feature but it's super brittle" and tuned the newer model+harness combinations incredibly aggressively to try to turn a lazy prompt into "median Enterprise Architecture design suggestions" to bring up the baseline, but in a way that slows you down if you don't want that.
I'm not on big enough subscriptions to want to burn a lot time just evaluating Fable/Astra comparatively until they're cheaper, heh. I can steer any of the cheaper ones just fine anyway.
i think this likely depends on workflow. for me, the first step is always a plan file artifact on disc, which i heavily review and go back and forth until satisfied. i often have to split the plan into multiple phases because agents are still poor at assessing how large a change will be. sometimes before even starting the plan the task is to create a harness for validation (a way for agent to check their work). the codebase you drop them in also greatly changes how much “over” engineering they do. i think if you are good about reviewing plan files and managing scope for your agent these sort of issues fade away. in general though, gpt models are faster, more token efficient, better technical writers, and yeah i still find Fable 1.0 to be a step up even though it’s slower because it’s actually a tad smarter (and the more important and dynamic the change / feature the more fable 1.0 shows its slight edge over astra)
personally, i would not rely on opus 5 end to end as it'll start getting into walls of comment slop and shitting up the codebase similar to gpt 5.5's isRecord meme.
on the other hand, having fable plan and orchestrate with opus implemention + fable reviews, is my go-to. if you give fable your guidelines up front or in your {claude,agents}.md, it will keep opus on a tight leash. opus can still write great code almost on par with fable, but it needs to be tightly constrained.
Astra constantly does this for me. It goes 90% of the way with some task but then skips the most important part. Then when told to please fix that and do it properly, it suddenly goes down a rabbit hole for 6h and fixes scenarios that aren't even relevant. It's awful at assessing what is important to do and what not, and where to ask for permission and where not.
Anecdotally, +1. I’d also say this benchmark matches my experiences and how much I trust the model output
This is the first set of benchmarks which match my observations around gemini-3.8-flash perfectly. This model is a true hidden gem.
Really? I gave it a trivial HTML job, and it went off for fifteen minutes. It did eventually did a do a decent job, but I can't wait that long.
I'm using it through antigravity cli .. and in every single run (100's by now), this model was fast, and the outputs were of good quality. Of course, not at Astra or Fable level, but, close to like Sol-low level.
I gave it a trivial HTML job and it messed it up in several ways including being lazy and lying about results
It's probably very hit or miss like everything with LLMs but I was really surprised it performed that badly
The high score of Gemini 3.8 Flash vibes with my experience anecdotally. While it often goes off the rails with open-ended questions (which is a strength if taken with care), it is also a good at solving issues in a well-defined environment like an enterprise codebase.
I'd love to see these:
- DeepSeek V4.1 Flash
- Kimi K3
- GLM 5.3 (and flash)
- hy4-preview
- Grok 4.6
All of these can be acessed using a $10/mo OpenCode Go subscription.
Here's the list:
1 Fable 5.1 38.8%
2 GPT-6 Astra 33.8%
3 Gemini 3.8 Flash 31.2%
4 GLM 5.3 28.8%
5 Grok 4.6 23.8%
5 Muse Spark 1.3 23.8%
7 Kimi K3 18.8%
8 GPT-5.6 Sol 16.2%
See number 4, 5 and 7.
3 of those are already in there.
Gemini 3.8 flash has been incredible for our agents. For us, It performs better than any other model except Fable.
Averaging pass@1 across eight runs per task is useful; it exposes harness consistency instead of letting one lucky resolution dominate.
These'll be part of the training set eventually.
> Each task comes from a private production codebase that we licensed from a real-world company
How does that work?
> How does that work?
My gut feeling is that any serious real-world company with a proprietary codebase worth looking at would not be handing out the crown jewels to a third party. License or not.
I don't doubt somebody licensed their codebase to them, I just have my doubts about who the "who" could be.
Code isn't worth all that much if you don't own the associated IP, mainly copyright. And even if you disagree with that premise, if you trust that they can keep the code secret, it's basically free money.
At any rate, I'm not sure it matters whose codebase it is. I'd even say that a shitty codebase might make for a better test.
From the same site: https://withspecific.com/company-data
lot of ads everywhere offering to buy your codebase of real product/star up even it long gone or failed (offer usually price per lines of code). So most likely that they have bunch of abandoned codebases between small and medium sizes and probably also some fake codebases as well.
what if the production code base was made by mostly by Anthropic models?
Great point.
A bit of a meta question: what are the most relevant benchmarks by now?
Terminal bench 4 is good largely because it's recent so it hasn't been benchmaxxed yet. It's more of a sysadmin/devops benchmark than a coding benchmark though, but still a decent proxy.
https://artificialanalysis.ai/evaluations/terminalbench-v4-0
Epoch.ai has a global score and tracks many benchmarks: https://epoch.ai/benchmarks
Nvidia and OpenAI claimed AGI, but you still have a job.
So TL;DR benchmarking in a completely non-reproducible manner ?
"Model X performed great, but we can't possibly tell you anything about the code it was looking at apart from it was a large code base from an unknown company".
So basically pinky-promise benchmarking ?
I'm not sure I follow the value here ?
If it builds up history and perceived reliability, this type of thing can be valuable. You're giving up transparency for it being harder to game.
> You're giving up transparency for it being harder to game
But then if we take that argument to its natural extreme, surely it means people should take the marketing bullshit published in the 100-page system cards published by Anthropic & co as "valuable" too ?
I think you know that's basically nothing like this? The model cards have every incentive to be biased, this doesn't necessarily.
But even so, pretty much yes: companies that actually have reliable and accurate info in their releases get trusted more. It takes time because the default is to disbelieve info from biased sources, but it is possible to trust some of them more than others.
Lots of private benchmarks already exist, where you have to trust the tester (ex Artificial Analysis, Arc-agi).
In theory, as long as all the models are doing the same thing with the same tools, it's at least useful to see how they stack up against each other right now. It might not be great to track progress over time, as it can get benchmaxxed or the underlying resources may become obsolete.
Doesn’t it ultimately have to be this way, to prevent saturation?
AGI 38.8%
I’ve been able to offload most tasks (coding or eles) to Codex since 5.3-codex with extra high thinking
Astra lets me offload entire projects without worrying about individual tasks…
Do you review the outputs?
Can you show us some of these of projects?
This benchmark is shitty because it puts Gemini in 3rd position.
I tried gemini on simple code base and it invoked 210 tool calls just to update 3 lines of code.
real software engineering benchmark is how much stress you can take at work. Everyone knows this, bakka.
Wake me up when September ends or when I can do this locally.
I think these benchmarks are not that useful, e.g. this suggests Fable is better than Astra, but in practice Astra is waaaaaay faster (like 5x; it's not even close), and also waaaay less annoying to talk to.
There's only two or three sane options here - you can easily try them all and pick yourself.
I switched from Claude to Codex because Claude just doesn't do what you actually tell it to half the time. It dances around the edges and does busy work without actually tackling a tough problem.
I'm not sure what others are doing that they're getting such different results, but I'll take Codex every day of the week.
They're not measuring speed nor annoyance. It's there on the page
The fact that gemini 3.8 flash is so high up there just tells you this is an awful benchmark.
Try and use gemini 3.8 yourself for any real world work and you'll see it's terrible. It'll just go in circles reading the same file 20 times for no reason making hundreds of tool calls for a simple change.
EDIT: I was using gemini cli... it's not a harness issue lol
There's no such things as gemini cli these days. It's called "agy" (short for antigravity). And if you don't know what that is, you're probably 3-6 months behind already.
PS: Just Googled it to confirm: Gemini CLI was deprecated on May 19th, 2026. The correct harness is called agy or antigravity for Gemini 3.8 Flash.
https://developers.googleblog.com/an-important-update-transi...
The benchmark page itself asserts that it used Gemini CLI as a harness. I came to the comments just because I noticed the error. For my part — using agy — I found Gemini 3.8 Flash mid.
You sure it was 3.8 Flash? It hasn't been called Gemini cli in a WHILE...
havent tried that model, but it sounds like a potential harness issue. Have you tried it in different harnesses?
Hard disagree. I use 3.8 flash in Antigravity a lot, and thoroughly prefer it to most Pro-class models. It's really fast, and I've had it make crazy progress on compiler-like problems that previous models including Opus simply failed at. On ultra plan you can have it going for hours, and make incremental progress with good prompting for review interrupts. It solved a problem I couldn't solve for weeks in under 6 hours. 10k LOC total. The harness and test suite is key.
This is my exact experience with the model - https://x.com/ThePrimeagen/status/2095565354726502683
And it just BURNS tokens like crazy.
Why so brazenly confident? Isn’t it possible that the benchmark is correct, and your experience is correct too, but you haven’t tried all the thousand different modalities of work that programming encompasses and so maybe you don’t actually have standing to judge?
very outdated experience from me: when I first tried gemini something, in an existing rust codebase, it looked around for files that would indicate if its go, javascript, java or c++ project, then declared I must have asked it build a new app in javascript and proceeded to circle around to figure out how it can install node and npm on my machine.
So I totally believe that Gemini is just bad. Which is surprising because Gemma is very good for some tasks, but I never ever had any success with Gemini, be it in cli or chat thing or anything else that has gemini branding.